In Mary K. Greer's book Tarot for Yourself she gives a good first exercise to do when first learning the tarot. The first question is 'What is tarot?' Easy question you might assume but not when you start thinking about it. This is what Google has to say:
A set of 78 cards used in divination or to explore the unconscious. The 56 cards in the “minor arcana” are divided into four suits: wands (symbolizing action); cups (emotions); swords (intellect); and pentacles (material concerns). The 22 cards of the “major arcana” depict archetypes and elemental forces.
Taken from http://www.natcath.com/NCR_Online/archives/022103/022103k.htm
My own response to this question is this:
Tarot is a set of seventy eight cards that allows someone to communicate with their subconscious mind more easily. It can offer insights into relationships, events or problems in your life. These insights can give you the knowledge you need to make better decisions.
I would say that the first definition is better than mine because it briefly explains the structure of the deck and gives explanations of the major and minor arcana. However, I feel I should explain my choice. Part of the exercise is to consider your response as if you were explaining to a friend and I wanted to explain what the tarot is in a physical sense but also what the tarot is because of what the tarot can do. I was trying to get away from the perceptions that persist with the tarot, especially from people who have had no contact with tarot personally and only have the information presented in the media to base their assumptions.
Sometimes I find that it is easier to explain what tarot is not, than what it is as each person's relationship with the tarot is different and not everyone has the same experience. In my case I own several tarot decks and my relationship with each deck is distinct from the others. I chose the word relationship deliberately as I feel I do have connections to, and with, my decks. Some are stronger than others.
The second question that Mary poses in her exercise is 'What is the purpose of the Tarot'? My answer is a personal one since I believe that the purpose of the tarot can vary depending on what you are using it for. The answer I used was:
I feel that the purpose of the Tarot is as a tool to aid in self knowledge and empowerment; to provide insights that you may not be aware of on a conscious level.
I also use tarot as a divination tool but I think my original comment still stands as I approach readings that I do for others in the same way I do when I am reading for myself. When I read for others I try to convey that the tarot is a tool of empowerment and that they are the ones who have the power within themselves to solve a particular issue and not the cards. I try and use spreads where the tarot provides the querent or seeker information about their particular circumstances. By giving querent this information they can hopefully decide for themselves what they want to do. The tarot can of course advise a seeker or querent but I am wary of saying that it provides answers as I am not sure that it does. Well at least not in my case. Maybe it does give answers but not the concrete ones that most people are used to in their everyday lives. Rather, it gives people options to consider.
The last question I am going to discuss here is 'What do I want to learn from the tarot?' When I did this exercise my response was:
I would like to develop my intuition skills and deepen my relationships with my tarot decks; enabling me to gain insights into my life.
Since I did this exercise on 26th January 2007 the tarot itself has given me new things to think about. Often I do daily reflections that are posted to the Tarot For Life message boards. One in particular stands out. The reflection was 'What needs clarification and what motivations underlie it?' I drew the Queen of Swords and the Queen of Cups from the Druid Craft deck. My first impression was that it related to the relationship between myself and my mother as I associate my mother with the Queen of Cups and if you hadn't already guessed, myself as the Queen of Swords, although at the time I wasn't sure why it needed clarifying except to remind me to stop acting in haste and drawing my sword in attack which I am prone to do. However, several of my fellow members thought that the Queen of Cups might actually refer to me as I was discussing my belief in tarot, paganism and spirituality. It made me sit up and think that sometimes I over identify with the Queen of Swords and forget about the less dominant aspects of myself. Therefore, the two cards did show what needed clarifying. My relationship with my mother, but also on a more profound level of how I see myself That the two Queens are two aspects of who I am.
The tarot also indicated this message to me when earlier this month when doing a full moon reading. In that reading I got the Princess of Swords and the Princess of Cups. In essence the reading told me that to work out where I needed to go I have to start embracing the Cups aspect of my nature and give recognition that it does exist. To be honest I think the Queen of Swords tries to keep her fellow queen in shadow so that she, or rather I, doesn't get hurt. I need to learn how I can get these two aspects of myself working together and not be afraid to let the Queen of Cups show herself once in a while.
To answer the question posed. It's ok to decide what you would like to learn from the tarot but be prepared for the tarot to show you what lessons you really need to learn and give you messages on different levels. Some of which may not become apparent until later. I don't think there is such a thing as a simple question when it comes to the tarot.